Diabetes is one of the old time and long run disease. The word "diabetes" is derived from the Greek word meaning "a siphon." The 2nd-century A.D. Greek physician, Aretus the Cappadocian, named the condition "diabetes." Diabetes is a condition in which the body does not produce enough, or properly respond to, insulin, a hormone produced in the pancreas. Insulin enables cells to absorb glucose in order to turn it into energy. In diabetes, the body either doesn't respond properly to its own insulin, doesn't make enough insulin, or both. This causes glucose to accumulate in the blood, often leading to various complications.The WHO reported in 2009 that there are more than 25 million children and adults in the United States-7.8% of the population, who have diabetes. While an estimated 17.9 million in the US alone have been diagnosed with diabetes, nearly one in four (5.7 million) diabetics are unaware that they have the disease.Swine Flu - Swine Influenza (H1N1) VirusTypes of diabetesThere are many types of diabetes recognized, but the principal three are:* Type 1It Results from the body's failure to produce insulin. It is estimated that 5-10% of Americans who are diagnosed with diabetes have type 1 diabetes. Presently almost all persons with type 1 diabetes must take insulin injections.* Type 2It Results from Insulin resistance, a condition in which cells fail to use insulin properly, sometimes combined with relative insulin deficiency. Most Americans who are diagnosed with diabetes have type 2 diabetes.Chikungunya - A Mosquito-Borne Viral Disease* Gestational diabetesPregnant women who have never had diabetes before but who have high blood sugar (glucose) levels during pregnancy are said to have gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes affects about 4% of all pregnant women.*Other diabetesMany other forms of diabetes mellitus are categorized separately from these. Examples include congenital diabetes due to genetic defects of insulin secretion, cystic fibrosis-related diabetes, steroid diabetes induced by high doses of glucocorticoids, and several forms of monogenic diabetes.Bird Flu - Avian flu, Avian influenza, H5N1Diabetes - Signs and symptomsThe detail description of the most significant symptoms of diabetes are given below -The classical symptoms are polyuria and polydipsia which are, respectively, frequent urination and increased thirst and consequent increased fluid intake. Symptoms may develop quite rapidly (weeks or months) in type 1 diabetes, particularly in children. However, in type 2 diabetes symptoms usually develop much more slowly and may be subtle or completely absent. Type 1 diabetes may also cause a rapid yet significant weight loss (despite normal or even increased eating) and irreducible mental fatigue.In Diabetic the osmotic pressure of the urine increases and inhibits reabsorption of water by the kidney, resulting in increased urine production and increased fluid loss. Lost blood volume will be replaced osmotically from water held in body cells and other body compartments, causing dehydration and increased thirst.Prolonged high blood glucose causes glucose absorption, which leads to changes in the shape of the lenses of the eyes, resulting in vision changes. Blurred vision is a common complaint leading to a diabetes diagnosis; type 1 should always be suspected in cases of rapid vision change, whereas with type 2 change is generally more gradual, but should still be suspected.Patients (usually with type 1 diabetes) may also initially present with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), an extreme state of metabolic dysregulation characterized by the smell of acetone on the patient's breath; a rapid, deep breathing known as Kussmaul breathing; polyuria; nausea; vomiting and abdominal pain; and any of many altered states of consciousness or arousal.Chickenpox - A Virus DiseasePrevention from diabetesPeople with diabetes can lead a healthy life if, their blood glucose level is under control. The decrease in life span of a diabetic is restored to normal by maintaining good blood glucose control (90-130 mg/dl at fasting and with less than 180 mg/dl 2hrs after meals). Sometimes, patients may not need any tablet/insulin or, even diet control to keep their blood glucose in control. Type 2 diabetes risk can be reduced in many cases by making changes in diet and increasing physical activity. Doctors recommends maintaining a healthy weight, getting at least 2ฝ hours of exercise per week, having a modest fat intake, and eating sufficient fiber.Asthma - The Lung DiseaseEffects of Diabetes* Effects in Type 1In type 1, the body stop producing insulin due to autuimmune response or possibly viral attack. In absence of insulin, body cells don't get the required glucose for producing ATP (Adenosin Triphosphate) units which results into primary symptom in the form of nausea and vomiting. In later stage, which leads to ketoacidosis, the body starts breaking down the muscle tissue and fat for producing energy hence, causing fast weight loss. Dehydration is also usually observed due to electrolyte disturbance. In advanced stages, coma and death is witnessed.* Effects in Type 2* Increased fatigue* Polydipsia : As the concentration of glucose increases in the blood, brain receives signal for diluting it and, in its counteraction we feel thirsty.* Polyuria: Increase in urine production is due to excess glucose present in body. Body gets rid of the extra sugar in the blood by excreting it through urine. This leads to dehydration because along with the sugar, a large amount of water is excreted out of the body.* Polyphegia : The hormone insulin is also responsible for stimulating hunger. In order to cope up with high sugar levels in blood, body produces insulin which leads to increased hunger.* Weight flactuation* Blurry vision* Irritability : It is a sign of high blood sugar because of the inefficient glucose supply to the brain and other body organs, which makes us feel tired and uneasy.* Infections* Poor wound healingDiabetes - The Disease of Rich People
